The Role of Biometrics in Courtroom Evidence: Admissibility and Challenges

Abstract

Biometric technologies have emerged as powerful tools in modern legal systems, offering methods for identifying individuals based on unique physiological and behavioral traits. As these technologies become increasingly integrated into law enforcement, their role in courtroom evidence continues to expand, raising important questions about their reliability and admissibility. The proposed work examines the role of biometric evidence in courtroom settings, focusing on its admissibility and the challenges associated with its use. Biometric technologies, such as fingerprint recognition, facial recognition, iris scanning, and voice analysis, have become increasingly prominent in legal proceedings due to their potential for providing accurate, objective identification. However, questions arise regarding the reliability of these technologies, their legal admissibility, and the privacy and ethical concerns they raise. This paper explores the legal frameworks governing biometric evidence, examining standards such as the Frye and Daubert rules. Also, it analyzes key challenges, including technological limitations, error rates, and the potential for data manipulation. By reviewing relevant case studies and comparing international legal approaches, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current and future implications of biometric evidence in legal contexts. Recommendations for improving legal and ethical standards are also discussed to enhance its courtroom reliability.