AI in Biometrics: Ethical and Legal Considerations in Law Enforcement

Abstract

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in biometric systems has significantly transformed law enforcement, enhancing identification accuracy and efficiency. However, this technological advancement raises pressing ethical and legal concerns, particularly regarding privacy, bias, and the protection of civil liberties. This paper explores the ethical implications of AI-driven biometric technologies, including mass surveillance and algorithmic bias, and examines how current legal frameworks address these challenges. It highlights the need for transparency, accountability, and robust regulatory mechanisms to ensure that the use of AI in biometrics aligns with societal values and protects individual rights. Case studies are presented to illustrate the real-world impact of these technologies, and policy recommendations are provided to guide the ethical and legal use of AI in law enforcement. A balanced approach is necessary to ensure public safety while preserving fundamental rights.